As a homeowner, its important to know the different types of wood for building and construction and their applications. Nearly every culture throughout history has attributed magic properties to wood. For instance, if youre building a bookshelf or a chair, you would have to use something that is very strong and can bear. Wood handbookchapter 4mechanical properties of wood. Describe how the properties of construction materials and products affect their. As a manufacturer of wood components, woodcraft industries believes there is a crucial need to educate our company, customers, and consumers in regard to naturally occurring wood characteristics. This summary is a generalization and many manufacturers offer special formulations with special properties.
An engineered composite wood product made from residues of hardwood and softwood gluing together with wax and resin under extreme pressure and pressure is called medium density fibreboard or mdf wood. Its uses include interior joinery, light structural work, flooring, utility. As they used it to meet a varying array of human needs, in peace and in war, in farming and in industry, people gradually came to understand something of the unique nature of wood. There are more than 100 species of broadleaved trees in canada, but only a small percentage of. Different types of wood akasa a straightgrained greybrown heartwood and sapwood. Wood materials used in cabinets and furniture are products of nature and include numerous color hues, grain patterns and other natural characteristics. Many varieties of wood are available, and each has its own properties. It is moderately strong, moderately stiff, and has moderately good shock resistance.
Characteristics the wood is hard, strong, and machines well. Another widespread source of wood, ash also known as eucalyptus regnans, and not to be confused with rowan is one of the tallest types of tree in the world, including the tallest of them all at 80. Thats not a new fact, because wood has been used since the ancient times and it still remains in the modern civilization. These trees bear cones and most of them have needle. Kretschmann contents orthotropic nature of wood 41 elastic properties 42 modulus of elasticity 42 poissons ratio 42 modulus of rigidity 43 strength properties 43 common properties 43 less common properties 424 vibration properties. Most homeowners prefer teak for their indoor furniture like beds and wardrobes. Before we get into all of the different wood varieties and their common uses, its important to understand the three basic types of wood you might encounter. Wood properties forest products laboratory usda forest service. Papermaking properties of eucalyptus trees, woods, and pulp. The different types of wood and their uses bizfluent. Wood is a porous and fibrous structural tissue found in the stems and roots of trees and other woody plants. Specific gravity is one of the very fundamental properties of wood and timber.
For easy comparison, these properties are examined in table 401. All are variable, not only in different commercial groups of wood, but within a given species, log, or board. A color change in the wood due to interaction of glue and wood. Wood an introduction to its structure, properties, and uses. Ash a light wood with a distinctive lustre when polished. For example, gum is a hardwood that comes at a price comparable with most types of softwood. To view the charts on your screen, and print them using your printer, you must have adobe acrobat reader version 4. Due to its decorative appearance, it is used for buildings like theaters, auditoriums, temples, churches, restaurants etc. Uses and desirable properties of wood in the 21st century.
Students will examine and compare the wood properties of different types of trees. The type of wood chosen to build a certain piece on furniture would depend on the nature of the piece itself. It is widely used in india as a cheap wood for making doors, packing cases, toys and inferior furniture. Timber is the most important element used for making furniture. Whether you are shopping for furniture or installing new flooring, youll need to find a wood that is strong, durable, and weatherresistant. Its uses include interior joinery, light structural work, flooring, utility furniture, veneer for plywood and turnery. Discover certian hardwood, softwood and exotic wood properties and uses here at lees wood projects. It is also extensively used in the production of beams and planks. Uses yellow birch is one of the principal furniture woods in the u.
Uses beech is used in the manufacture of furniture, especially chairs. Types, properties, and uses pdf free download epdf. The natural colour of the wood is a pale golden brown, but it can be bleached or stained to simulate other woods, e. The wood itself is easy to work, thanks to its long straight grain, elastic and stringy properties and. Physical properties of wood designing buildings wiki share your construction industry knowledge. Its free for you to download, and you only have to download it once. Physical and mechanical properties of selected wood species. Today, we are going to present you with the 10 common uses of wood that all of us know, but its not too bad to remind you about them in any case. Its ability to maintain curvature after bending has led to increasing use for curved chair parts.
It is an organic material a natural composite of cellulose fibers that are strong in tension and embedded in a matrix of lignin that resists compression. Solid wood that is, wood cut into boards from the trunk of the tree makes up most of the wood in a piece of furniture. Other characteristics such as stains, burls, and insect damage also have an effect. Softwoods araucariaceae agathis australis common names. Top 6 properties of wood and timber used in construction. Aug 26, 2016 understanding different types of wood and their uses will help you choose which one is best for your house. What is timber and what are various uses of timber. Teak characteristics and uses of teak wood the worldwide market for timbers has few select wood types that are praised above others, and while few types are praised for their exquisite properties, the famous teak remains constant in a world of changing tastes. It has an open grain and is reasonably hard wearing. Different wood types available in nature possess different properties, color, texture, and strength. It is a relatively cheap wood and the durability of this wood makes it a good choice for doors, floors, structural parts of furniture, plywood and veneers. Wood species guide hardwoodsand some softwodscontinue to be one of the prime components in furniture, cabinet, and woodwork manufacturing. Physical properties of wood designing buildings wiki.
The type of wood you choose determines the beauty and strength of the finished piece. Each of these different wood types can be used in a number of different ways. Each card has an image of the wood with a list of properties and uses. The physical and mechanical properties of wood are important factors used in determining the. Hemicellulose a celluloselike material in the wood cell wall that is easily decomposed by dilute acid to yield simple sugars extractives organic material deposited during heartwood formation gums, resins, oils, alkaloids 7. We at goldentree wands believe that all wood has specific magic properties, unique to each species and variety. The inner structure of a tree makes wood what it iswhat it looks like, how it behaves, and what we can use it for. It is commonly used as a structural wood for wooden framed houses, doors, windows, and partitions. Wood has been used and adapted by humans since the earliest recognition that they could make use of the materials they found around them. Wood is a remarkable substance, a gift from nature itself. It is strong in relation to its weight, is insulating to heat and electricity, and has desirable acoustic properties.
Jan 21, 2017 mango wood is brown in color and it can be easily shaped in various products. There are literally thousands of wood species that grow throughout the world. It can be used in anything from wood carving and creating small wooden items, such as chairs and rocking horses, to building timber structures and sheds. Cordia trichotoma pericopsis elata ailanthus altissima caryocar costaricense albizia ferruginea alder, european. Lumber or timber, a wood which is capable of yielding the minimum size of a dimension, is generally produced from growing woods. Hardwood is durable less likely to decay and rot, comes with close grain, and requires low maintenance.
This article discusses current continuing commercial uses of wood, signi. The hardwoods have a specific gravity ranging between 0. Types, properties, and uses no part of this digital document m. Properties of wood there are fewer species of conifers. For answers to frequently asked questions, see the bottom of this article. Wood is one of the most versatile and widely used materials in the world. There are actually hundreds of different species of trees, so making generalizations about something called wood isnt always that helpful. The species obtained from this group include gaboon, mahogany, makore, lroko. Sometimes it grows over 90 metres high and four and one half metres in diameter. As a result, wood possesses material properties that may be significantly different from other materials normally encountered in structural design. What follows are general uses and working and drying characteristic of the most frequently used species, including several tropical hardwoods. Pdf seven mostly usetl timber species tike teak, sil korai, jam, sal, rain tree, kanthal and aam were selected to tleterntine some of its.
Wood properties are derived from the cell wall structures and wood. Prosopis alba dipteryx oleifera pterocarpus indicus pterogyne nitens page 1 of 37 1 2 3 11 strengthnumerical filters. Structure of wood pdf 434 kb bark, wood, branches, and cambium sapwood and heartwood growth rings wood cells chemical composition. Walnut wood is a good variety of wood which resists the attack of white ants. Wood chemical composition hemicellulose a celluloselike material in the wood cell wall that is easily decomposed by dilute acid to yield simple sugars extractives organic material deposited during heartwood formation gums, resins, oils, alkaloids. Here in this article, details of mdf is discussed which includes types, properties, manufacture procedure of mdf.
Some hold one type of wood to be sacred, while others believe that all wood has magic properties. The chipping area had the function of fragmenting wood into small pieces, screening them to separate sawdust, wood slivers, and knots. A moderately hard wood, with a specific gravity of 0. Lets learn about the different types of wood used for furniture and in construction. In weight, american sycamore is ranked as a moderately heavy wood, averaging 34 pounds a cubic foot. Wood, the principal strengthening and nutrientconducting tissue of trees and other plants and one of the most abundant and versatile natural materials. The different types of wood and their uses infographic. Its mainly used for building a structure or for other reasons.
Characteristics and availability of commercially important wood pdf 916 kb timber resources and uses species descriptions u. Top 10 common uses of wood in our daily life legit. The following sections introduce you to the most common types. In hardwood, there are two primary types of wood cell. In some cases, there are often many varieties of the same species. Wood types and properties cards teaching resources. The earlywood cells are usually broader because they carry more water in the spring for the leaves and new shoots. At that time, wood losses were enormous, easily reaching. Color and grain patterns are the primary factors in.
1326 1 979 1242 1156 729 560 345 122 1127 880 1309 106 1471 1246 933 705 115 370 30 1412 126 182 373 918 733 103 869 137 1247